Originally published in 1962, the second volume of how the psychological structure of German politics evolved deals with the age of monarchical absolutism and intellectual enlightenment, i.e. the last one and a half centuries of the Roman-German Empire. It traces the political principles which inspired the leading statesmen, the advocates of reforms and their adversaries, as well as the various social groups. This is a history of ideal and ideologies, of public opinions and of the ideas which a people holds of itself and other peoples and vice versa. It paved the way for an unprejudiced view of nations by comparing their thought and actions under comparable circumstances and investigating parallels and differences from a sociological point of view.