The Intelligence War in 1941

by Center for the Study of Intelligence (U.S.). Office of Training and Education

1992

" ... In the broader context of the intelligence war between the Axis and the Allies, Pearl Harbor was an exception. Throughout the war the Allies possessed clear intelligence advantages, and at least five are worth considering: the British ability to read nigh-level German communications -- the Ultra advantage ; British exploitation of German agents -- the double cross system ; the ineffectiveness of Germany's Secret Intelligence Service (the Abwehr) due in significant part to anti-Hitler sentiment at the highest echelons -- the Canaris factor ; Soviet intelligence assets (benefiting Soviet rather than Allied interests) ; US knowledge of Japanese intentions, knowledge wasted at Pearl Harbor but still better than Japanese intelligence"--Page 1.

CIA and Vietnam Policymakers

by Harold P. Ford

1999 · DIANE Publishing

Reviews the Intelligence Community's analytic performance during the chaotic Vietnam era, with particular focus on the efforts of CIA analysts. Offers a candid view of the CIA's intelligence assessments concerning Vietnam during three episodes between 1962 and 1968 and the reactions of senior U.S. policymakers to those assessments. Shows that CIA analysts had a firm grasp of the situation in Vietnam and expressed doubts that heightened U.S. military pressure alone could win the war. Contrary to the opinions voiced by Robert McNamara and others, this volume illustrates the expertise CIA officers brought to the Vietnam question. Photos.