The Spanish Republic and the Civil War, 1931-1939

by Gabriel Jackson

1965 · Princeton University Press

"The Spanish Civil War was fought from 17 July 1936 to 1 April 1939 between the Republicans, who were loyal to the established Spanish Republic, and the Nationalists, a rebel group led by General Francisco Franco. The Nationalists prevailed, and Franco ruled Spain for the next 36 years, from 1939 until his death in 1975."--Wikipedia.

Voices from Vilcabamba

by Brian S. Bauer, Madeleine Halac-Higashimori, Gabriel E. Cantarutti

2015 · University Press of Colorado

A rich new source of important archival information, Voices from Vilcabamba examines the fall of the Inca Empire in unprecedented detail. Containing English translations of seven major documents from the Vilcabamba era (1536–1572), this volume presents an overview of the major events that occurred in the Vilcabamba region of Peru during the final decades of Inca rule. Brian S. Bauer, Madeleine Halac-Higashimori, and Gabriel E. Cantarutti have translated and analyzed seven documents, most notably Description of Vilcabamba by Baltasar de Ocampo Conejeros and a selection from Martín de Murúa’s General History of Peru, which focuses on the fall of Vilcabamba. Additional documents from a range of sources that include Augustinian investigations, battlefield reports, and critical eyewitness accounts are translated into English for the first time. With a critical introduction on the history of the region during the Spanish Conquest and introductions to each of the translated documents, the volume provides an enhanced narrative on the nature of European-American relations during this time of important cultural transformation.

Principles of beer production and enzymes in mashing

by Gabriel Gerber Hornink

2024 · Gabriel Gerber Hornink

Second edition of the e-book "Principles of Beer Production and Enzymes in Mashing" (2024), with revised and improved content, as well as new photos, mashing enzymes, and commercial enzymes. This e-book presents an overview of beer production and the ingredients used, contextualizing the mashing stage, which is discussed in detail. Mashing is one of the main steps in the hot (initial) phase of beer production, involving the extraction and transformation of molecules present in malts and other brewing ingredients to produce the wort that will be fermented to create the beverage. During mashing, depending on the procedures adopted, various enzymes may act, each with different optimal substrates, temperatures, and pH levels. Thus, understanding the enzymes present, how they work, and their consequences for production is of utmost importance. To this end, the main enzymes are presented, relating them to the possible outcomes in the wort and the final beverage. It is hoped that reading this e-book will help you understand the importance and actions of the enzymes present in mashing, assisting you in the conscious planning of this crucial stage involved in beer production.

The Development of Modern Spain

by Gabriel Tortella Casares

2000 · Harvard University Press

This reinterpretation of the history of modern Spain from the Enlightenment to the threshold of the twenty-first century explains the surprising changes that took Spain from a backward and impoverished nation, with decades of stagnation, civil disorder, and military rule, to one of the ten most developed economies in the world. The culmination of twenty years' work by the dean of economic history in Spain, founder of the Revista de Historia Económica and recipient of the Premio Rey Juan Carlos, Spain's highest honor for an academic, the book is rigorously analytical and quantitative, but eminently accessible. It reveals views and approaches little explored until now, showing how the main stages of Spanish political history have been largely determined by economic developments and by a seldom mentioned factor: human capital formation. It is comparative throughout, and concludes by applying the lessons of Spanish history to the plight of today's developing nations.