Books by "John van Willigen"
6 books found
Our understanding of catalytic reactions exists at various levels which are mainly defined from detailed knowledge of reaction mechanism. When viewed in terms of the stoi chiometric reaction equation, most catalytic reactions are complex processes which occur via a sequence of elementary (i. e. irreducible) steps, and the elucidation ofthese elementary steps and the identification of a rate determining step (if one exists) constitutes the traditional approach to the problem of mechanism. The term "traditional" is not used here in a pejorative sense since mechanistic knowledge of this sort makes an important contribution to catalyst design, improvement, and optimization. This is the field which is discussed by Professor R. L. Burwell in Chapter 1 where the very wide range of useful approaches and techniques is made apparent, even when one is restricted to quasi-steady state conditions. Techniques which depend on observations under non steady state conditions (i. e. relaxation methods) have also been used in mechanistic studies, increasingly so in recent years. This topic is discussed in detail by Professor K. Tamaru in Chapter 2. At a deeper level of understanding, one may seek to enquire how an elementary reaction proceeds in terms of movement in a multicoordinate space where the variables define atomic positions and energy. This is a problem of great complexity even in relatively simple cases. Nevertheless, despite the problems some progress is being made, and this and allied topics are discussed in Chapter 3 by Professor G. L. Haller and Dr. G. W. Coulston.
Risk and Social Change in an African Rural Economy
by John G. McPeak, Peter D. Little, Cheryl R. Doss
2011 · Routledge
Pastoralists’ role in contemporary Africa typically goes underappreciated and misunderstood by development agencies, external observers, and policymakers. Yet, arid and semi-arid lands (ASAL), which are used predominantly for extensive livestock grazing, comprise nearly half of the continent’s land mass, while a substantial proportion of national economies are based on pastoralist activities. Pastoralists use these drylands to generate income for themselves through the use of livestock and for the coffers of national trade and revenue agencies. They are frequently among the continent’s most contested and lawless regions, providing sanctuary to armed rebel groups and exposing residents to widespread insecurity and destructive violence. The continent’s millions of pastoralists thus inhabit some of Africa’s harshest and most remote, but also most ecologically, economically, and politically important regions. This study summarizes the findings of a multi-year interdisciplinary research project in pastoral areas of Kenya and Ethiopia. The cultures and ecology of these areas are described, with a particular focus on the myriad risks that confront people living in these drylands, and how these risks are often triggered by highly variable rainfall conditions. The authors examine the markets used by residents of these areas to sell livestock and livestock products and purchase consumer goods before turning to an analysis of evolving livelihood strategies. Furthermore, they focus on how well-being is conditioned upon access to livestock and access to the cash economy, gender patterns within households and the history of development activities in the area. The book concludes with a report on how these activities are assessed by people in the area and what activities they prioritize for the future. Policy in pastoral areas is often formulated on the basis of assumptions and stereotypes, without adequate empirical foundations. This book provides evidence on livelihood strategies being followed in pastoral areas, and investigates patterns in decision making and well being. It indicates the importance of livestock to the livelihoods of people in these areas, and identifies the critical and widespread importance of access to the cash economy, concluding that future development activities need to be built on the foundation of the livestock economy, instead of seeking to replace it.
This exploration of marketing and consumer behaviour comprises original articles, both theoretical and empirical, and serves as a sourcebook for those interested in consumption and managerial consequences. Issues discussed include: elements of the marketing mix; advertising and promotion; relationship management; managerial intervention and stakeholder response; organization behaviour; economic development; class-and-gender-linked consumer behaviour; and the production of consumption. They are examined using anthropological perspectives and methods ranging from materialistic to semiotic.
Social Causes of Psychological Distress
by John Mirowsky, Catherine E. Ross
2003 · Transaction Publishers
Originally published: New York: Aldine de Gruyter, c2003.
This book provides an introduction to the underlying theory, fundamentals, and applications of EPR spectroscopy, as well as new developments in the area. Knowledge of the topics presented will allow the reader to interpret of a wide range of EPR spectra, as well as help them to apply EPR techniques to problem solving in a wide range of areas: organic, inorganic, biological, and analytical chemistry; chemical physics, geophysics, and minerology. Includes updated information on high frequency and multi-frequency EPR, pulsed microwave techniques and spectra analysis, dynamic effects, relaxation phenomena, computer-based spectra simulation, biomedical aspects of EPR, and more Equips readers with sufficient knowledge of EPR techniques to go on in their specialized area of interest Provides problem sets and concise bibliographies at the end of each chapter, plus several tutorial appendices on topics like mathematical operations, quantum mechanics of angular momentum, experimental considerations.
Classic anthropology is Bennett''s label for the work produced by anthropologists between 1915 and 1955. In this book, Bennett criticises classic anthropology for ne glecting the contemporary world and modern societies. '