3 books found
by Arthur W. Magill, Clive M. Countryman, Craig D. Whitesell, Eamor C. Nord, Elliot L. Amidon, Henricus Cornelis Jansen, Jeanne Humphrey Block, Kenneth N. Boe, Pacific Southwest Forest and Range Experiment Station (Berkeley, Calif.), Philip M. McDonald, Robert Chester Heller, Robert F. Scharpf, Wallace J. Greentree, William S. Folkman
1975
A two-stage shelterwood cutting, at 12 trees per acre, with site preparation, enhanced seedfall, regeneration, and residual growth at the Challenge Experimental Forest, north central California. Shelterwood trees produced 9.2 times more seed than trees in the control. Ponderosa pine regeneration numbered about 3700 seedlings per acre (9139 per ha) and tolerant conifers 600 seedlings (1482 per ha) after 5 years. Hardwood seedlings and sprouts also were abundant. Basal area growth rates for all species in nearly all diameter classes were greater in the shelterwood than in the control. The shelterwood cutting method is recommended for use in young-growth, mixed-conifer stands.
by Jeffrey G. Reitz, Raymond Breton, Karen Kisiel Dion, Kenneth L. Dion
2009 · Springer Science & Business Media
Does multiculturalism ‘work’? Does multiculturalism policy create social cohesion, or undermine it? Multiculturalism was introduced in Canada in the 1970s and widely adopted internationally, but more recently has been hotly debated, amid new concerns about social, cultural, and political impacts of immigration. Advocates praise multiculturalism for its emphasis on special recognition for cultural minorities as facilitating their social integration, while opponents charge that multiculturalism threatens social cohesion by encouraging social isolation. Multiculturalism is thus rooted in a theory of human behaviour, and this book examines the empirical validity of some of its basic propositions, focusing on Canada as the country for which the most enthusiastic claims for multiculturalism have been made. The analysis draws on the massive national Ethnic Diversity Survey of over 41,000 Canadians in 2002, the most extensive survey yet conducted on this question. The analysis provides a new and more nuanced understanding of the complex relation between multiculturalism and social cohesion, challenging uncritically optimistic or pessimistic views. Ethnic community ties facilitate some aspects of social integration, while discouraging others. For racial minorities, relations within and outside minority communities are greatly complicated by more frequent experiences of discrimination and inequality, slowing processes of social integration. Implications for multicultural policies emphasize that race relations present important challenges across Quebec and the rest of Canada, including for the new religious minorities, and that ethnic community development requires more explicit support for social integration.
Indexes material contained in the Asa Fitch collection concerning Washington County, New York, located in the New York Genealogical and Biographical Society in New York City.