The Problem of Acid Mine Drainage in the Iberian Pyrite Belt (IPB)

by Manuel Olías Álvarez, Carlos Ruiz Cánovas, M. Dolores Basallote Sánchez, Francisco Macías Suárez, José Miguel Nieto Liñán, Rafael Pérez López, Aguasanta Miguel Sarmiento

2024 · Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Huelva

This book on the problem of acid waters in the Iberian Pyrite Belt (FPI) is structured in 7 chapters, including its most relevant conclusions at the end of each one. After the introduction, the basic notions about the processes that produce acid mine drainage (AMD) are described, necessary to understand the characteristics of this type of pollution (Chap. 2), which intensely affects river basins. Tinto and Odiel mainly due to mining from 1850 to the end of the 20th century (Chapters 3 and 4). The fifth chapter is dedicated to the impact on the reservoirs of the entire Spanish part of the FPI, whose acidity depends on the balance between acid inputs and the flow of waters not affected by AMD that they receive. The Tinto and Odiel rivers maintain their acid character until their mouth in the estuary of the Ría de Huelva, where a distribution of contaminants occurs between the water column and the sediment, which causes an impact on the biota of the transition waters ( Ch. 6). As a solution to the problem, the treatment techniques for these acid leachates from sulfide mining are presented, and strategies and measures that could be applied in the Odiel basin to improve its condition are recommended (Chap. 7).

Soft Methodology and Random Information Systems

by Miguel López-Díaz

2004 · Springer Science & Business Media

The analysis of experimental data resulting from some underlying random process is a fundamental part of most scientific research. Probability Theory and Statistics have been developed as flexible tools for this analyis, and have been applied successfully in various fields such as Biology, Economics, Engineering, Medicine or Psychology. However, traditional techniques in Probability and Statistics were devised to model only a singe source of uncertainty, namely randomness. In many real-life problems randomness arises in conjunction with other sources, making the development of additional "softening" approaches essential. This book is a collection of papers presented at the 2nd International Conference on Soft Methods in Probability and Statistics (SMPS’2004) held in Oviedo, providing a comprehensive overview of the innovative new research taking place within this emerging field.