Maximum Likelihood Estimation for Sample Surveys

by Raymond L. Chambers, David G. Steel, Suojin Wang, Alan Welsh

2012 · CRC Press

Sample surveys provide data used by researchers in a large range of disciplines to analyze important relationships using well-established and widely used likelihood methods. The methods used to select samples often result in the sample differing in important ways from the target population and standard application of likelihood methods can lead to biased and inefficient estimates. Maximum Likelihood Estimation for Sample Surveys presents an overview of likelihood methods for the analysis of sample survey data that account for the selection methods used, and includes all necessary background material on likelihood inference. It covers a range of data types, including multilevel data, and is illustrated by many worked examples using tractable and widely used models. It also discusses more advanced topics, such as combining data, non-response, and informative sampling. The book presents and develops a likelihood approach for fitting models to sample survey data. It explores and explains how the approach works in tractable though widely used models for which we can make considerable analytic progress. For less tractable models numerical methods are ultimately needed to compute the score and information functions and to compute the maximum likelihood estimates of the model parameters. For these models, the book shows what has to be done conceptually to develop analyses to the point that numerical methods can be applied. Designed for statisticians who are interested in the general theory of statistics, Maximum Likelihood Estimation for Sample Surveys is also aimed at statisticians focused on fitting models to sample survey data, as well as researchers who study relationships among variables and whose sources of data include surveys.

Measuring Voice, Speech, and Swallowing in the Clinic and Laboratory

by Christy L. Ludlow, Raymond D. Kent, Lincoln C. Gray

2018 · Plural Publishing

Measuring Voice, Speech, and Swallowing in the Clinic and Laboratory provides a definitive reference and text for methods of measurement of voice, speech, and swallowing functioning and disorders. It was developed for measurement courses in speech-language pathology graduate and doctoral programs and is also an essential reference for practitioners or anyone who needs to make quantitative assessments of the systems involved. The goal of this text is to provide basic information on the instruments and measures commonly used for assessing and treating persons with disorders of voice, speech, and swallowing for clinical practice, research studies, and conducting clinical trials. New developments in electrical and magnetic stimulation for noninvasive stimulation of nerves, muscles, and the brain are provided for augmenting treatment benefits for persons with voice, speech, and swallowing disorders. Other new techniques included are electromyography, articulography, transcranial magnetic stimulation, functional MRI, fNIRS, DTI, and transcranial direct current stimulation for treatment applications. The text includes methods for recording and analyzing speech, acoustics, imaging and kinematics of vocal tract motion, air pressure, airflow, respiration, clinical evaluation of voice and swallowing disorders, and functional and structural neuroimaging. Many of the methods are applicable for use in clinical practice and clinical research. Key Features: More than 250 full-color imagesSummary tables to guide selection of instruments and measures for various applicationsEach chapter begins and ends with an overview and conclusion for review of contentAppendices of measurement standards Clinical investigators and clinicians wanting to measure voice, speech, and swallowing functions for clinical documentation will benefit from this book, as will students and professors. Measuring Voice, Speech, and Swallowing in the Clinic and Laboratorypulls together the necessary information on methods of measurement from different disciplines and sources into one convenient resource. Information on measurement in the fields of voice, speech, and swallowing is now readily available for training doctoral students and guidance of clinicians incorporating instrumental assessment into their practice.

Crustal Earth Materials

by Loren A. Raymond, Neil E. Johnson

2017 · Waveland Press

An understanding of rocks and the minerals that comprise them lies at the core of every geologist’s education. As more curricula combine mineralogy and petrology into a single course, Raymond and Johnson have responded with a concise introduction to the study of Earth materials. The authors have written at a level that won’t intimidate students encountering fundamental concepts for the first time, yet with enough rigor that they’ll be well prepared for future study. A broad approach to the subject that incorporates fluids and soils will appeal to instructors who teach engineering and environmental science students as well as future geoscientists. Abundant illustrations reinforce all of the ideas in the text. Many images are presented in color, with additional color images available at waveland.com/Raymond-Johnson. Problems appear throughout the book, encouraging a deeper understanding for students. Helpful appendices make it easy for instructors to assign further exercises in rock and mineral identification as well as optical mineralogy and petrography.